Fragmentación del ADN espermático e infertilidad masculina

Autores/as

  • Bertha Victoria Rodríguez Pendás Instituto Nacional de Endocrinología. La Habana, Cuba

Resumen

RESUMEN

La integridad del ADN de los espermatozoides, es un indicador importante de la fertilidad, se utiliza como una variable adicional para evaluar, junto al espermograma, la calidad de una muestra seminal. En el presente trabajo se describen algunos aspectos de interés relacionados con la fragmentación del ADN espermático, cuya etiología es multifactorial y está relacionada con factores intrínsicos, como el empaquetamiento anormal de la cromatina durante la espermiogénesis, la apoptosis defectuosa antes de la eyaculación y la producción excesiva de especies reactivas del oxígeno; y con factores extrínsecos, como son los cambios en los hábitos de vida, la exposición a agentes tóxicos, así como la edad avanzada. La fragmentación está asociada al deterioro de las variables seminales, además afecta la fertilidad natural y la realizada por tratamientos de reproducción asistida, por lo que la implementación en los laboratorios de Andrología, de la tecnología para detectar si el ADN de los espermatozoides está íntegro o fragmentado, incorpora un nuevo conocimiento en el estudio de los hombres con trastornos de fertilidad, lo que contribuye a mejorar el diagnóstico y pronóstico de la infertilidad masculina. Para realizar este trabajo se revisaron 122 artículos, de los cuales 84 cumplieron con los criterios de calidad esperados. La búsqueda se realizó a través de los buscadores habituales.

Palabras clave: fragmentación del ADN espermático; calidad espermática; infertilidad; espermatozoide; factor masculino.

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31-03-2018

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Rodríguez Pendás BV. Fragmentación del ADN espermático e infertilidad masculina. Rev Cubana Endocrinol [Internet]. 31 de marzo de 2018 [citado 13 de noviembre de 2024];28(3). Disponible en: https://revendocrinologia.sld.cu/index.php/endocrinologia/article/view/95

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